A Decision Support System that has been or will be implemented using a spreadsheet package can be termed a spreadsheet-based DSS. A spreadsheet is one of the major enabling technologies for deploying model-driven DSS. A wide variety of decision support purposes can be achieved using a spreadsheet package, e.g., Microsoft Excel.

Designing individual hospital logistics systems without connecting the various players and their IT systems is impossible today. Particularly due to the pressure to form lean structures, the cooperation model between hospitals, suppliers, and logistics service providers is becoming more and more necessary. Cooperation can generate effective contributions to cost reduction only when business processes are largely standardized and automated. Suitable systems integration between the cooperation partners in healthcare logistics, therefore, is increasingly mandatory.