BPD/DS is increasingly being recognized as the most effective bariatric operation for excess weight loss and is the best operation for resolution of diabetes. In a propensity matched analysis of different bariatric operations, the comparative effectiveness of BPD/DS showed better odds of resolution of hypertension, and more weight loss compared to either the RYGB or the sleeve gastrectomy. It was also better than the SG for resolution of reflux disease but less so than the RYGB.

The climatic models mathematically represent the various important processes of Earth’s climatic systems. There are various simple, intermediate complex and comprehensive General Circulation models (GCMs) to project the future climatic data. The temperature, wind, ocean currents and clouds are simulated by GCMs. These models are also validated against real-time observations. The climatic models use information from various greenhouse gas emission scenarios, land-use patterns, and air pollutant emissions to simulate the climatic variation projections. The various factors that lead to a change in greenhouse gas emissions are behavioral changes, population, and economic growth, land-use changes, climatic policy and technology (IPCC, 2014).